Biosphere reserves operating under the UNESCO Man and the Biosphere Programme aim to achieve three mandate management objectives of conservation, sustainable socio-economic development, and logistic support. The apparent
mismatch between the biosphere reserve (BR) concept and implementation reality has led to the call for assessment of management effectiveness as part of a system to support management of sites under the Seville Statutory Framework for the Biosphere Reserves Network since 1995. We used the Enhancing our Heritage Toolkit developed by the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) and UNESCO to evaluate the management effectiveness of the Kien Giang Biosphere Reserve (KGBR).
